Robotics History

Monday, 3 August 2015
Posted by Unknown

History of Robotics

320 BC
Greek philosopher Aristotle made this famous quote:
“If every tool, when ordered, or even of its own accord, could do the work that befits it... then there would be no need either of apprentices for the master workers or of slaves for the lords.”
Aristotle
1495
Around 1495 Leonardo da Vinci sketched plans for a humanoid robot.
1700 - 1900


Between 1700 and 1900 a number of life-sized automatons were created including a famous mechanical duck made by Jacques de Vaucanson that could crane its neck, flap its wings and even swallow food.
Automaton
1913
Henry Ford installs the world’s first moving conveyor belt-based assembly line in his car factory. A Model T can be assembled in 93 minutes.
1920
Karel Capek coins the word ‘robot’ to describe machines that resemble humans in his play called Rossums Universal Robots. The play was about a society that became enslaved by the robots that once served them.
This idea is now a common theme in popular culture, ie Frankenstein, Terminator, The Matrix etc.
1932
The first true robot toy was produced in Japan. The ‘Lilliput’ was a wind-up toy which walked. It was made from tinplate and stood just 15cm tall.
Lilliput
1937
Alan Turing releases his paper “On Computable Numbers” which begins the computer revolution.
 
1941
Legendary science fiction writer Isaac Asimov writes the short story ‘Liar!’ in which he describes the Three Laws of Robotics. His stories were recompiled into the volume “I, Robot” in 1950 – later reproduced as a movie starring Will Smith.
Asimov’s Three Laws of Robotics:
A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm.
A robot must obey any orders given to it by human beings, except where such orders would conflict with the First Law.
A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law.
 
Asimov
1950
Alan Turing proposes a test to determine if a machine truly has the power to think for itself. To pass the test a machine must be indistinguishable from a human during conversation. It has become known as the ‘Turing Test’.
1954
George Devol and Joe Engleberger design the first programmable robot ‘arm’. This later became the first industrial robot, completing dangerous and repetitive tasks on an assembly line at General Motors (1962).
Robotic arm
1957
The Soviet Union launches ‘Sputnik’, the first artificial orbiting satellite. This marks the beginning of the space race.
1964
The IBM 360 becomes the first computer to be mass-produced.
IBM360
1968
Stanley Kubrick makes Arthur C. Clark's, 2001: A Space Odyssey into a movie. It features HAL, an onboard computer that develops a mind of its own.
1969


The U.S. successfully use the latest in computing, robotic and space technology to land Neil Armstrong on the moon.
Man on the Moon
1977
The first Star Wars movie is released. George Lucas‘s movie inspires a new generation of researchers through his image of a human future shared with robots such as the now famous R2-D2 and C-3PO.
1986
The first LEGO based educational products are put on the market and Honda launches a project to build a walking humanoid robot.
Early humanoid
1994
Carnegie Universities eight-legged walking robot, Dante ll, successfully descends into Mt Spur to collect volcanic gas samples.
1997
On May 11, a computer built by IBM known as Deep Blue beat world chess champion Garry Kasparov.
The first Robocup tournament is held in Japan. The goal of Robocup is to have a fully automated team of robots beat the worlds best soccer team by the year 2050.
Robocup
1998
LEGO launches its first Robotics Inventions System.
1999
Sony releases the first version of AIBO, a robotic dog with the ability to learn, entertain and communicate with its owner. More advanced versions have followed.
Early AIBO
2000
Honda debuts ASIMO, the next generation in its series of humanoid robots.
2004
Epsom release the smallest known robot, standing 7cm high and weighing just 10 grams. The robot helicopter is intended to be used as a ‘flying camera’ during natural disasters.
Small robot
2005
Researchers at Cornell University build the first self-replicating robot. Each ‘robot’ is made up of a small tower of computerized cubes which link together through the use of magnets.
2008
After being first introduced in 2002, the popular Roomba robotic vacuum cleaner has sold over 2.5 million units, proving that there is a strong demand for this type of domestic robotic technology.

U3-X-Personal-Mobility

Thursday, 30 January 2014
Posted by Unknown


A unique fusion of rider and vehicle, the U3-X makes new strides in the advancement of human mobility.

                         ASIMO Balance Control Technology
Technology developed from research into walking and balance for ASIMO provides the U3-X with balance and free movement in all directions, just as in human walking. Any change in the incline of the U3-X caused by a rider’s weight shift is analyzed to determine the rider's intention in terms of direction and speed. Precise control then returns the device to an upright position. The effect is smooth, agile movements and simple operation simply by shifting your weight.

Honda Omni Traction Drive System
The Honda Omni Traction Drive System is the world’s first wheel structure that enables movement in all directions. Multiple small-diameter motor-controlled wheels are connected in-line to form one large-diameter wheel. Rotating the large-diameter wheel moves the U3-X forward and backward, while rotating the small-diameter wheels moves it side-to-side. Combining these movements causes the U3-X to move diagonally.

Compact and Innovative Design
Weighing in at less than 22 pounds, the U3-X is lightweight and portable. The carbon fiber body-cover doubles as the support frame and also houses the foldable seat and foot rests when not in use.
Freedom of Motion
Walking Assist Device with Stride Management Assist
For those with weakened leg muscles who are still able to walk

When walking is a struggle, you need a leg up. And that’s literally what 
Honda’s prototype Stride Management Assist device is designed to 
provide. A motor helps lift each leg at the thigh as it moves forward and 
backward. This helps lengthen the user’s stride, making it easier to cover 
longer distances at a greater speed.

For those with weakened leg muscles who are still able to walk

A lightweight, simple design with a belt worn around the hips and thighs 
was created to reduce the wearer’s load and to fit different body shapes. 
More than 130 patents have been applied for pertaining to the walking 
assist devices, which are currently being tested in real-world conditions to 
evaluate their effectiveness.
As a company that values mobility, Honda began research into a walking 
device in 1999. The cumulative study of human walking, along with research 
and development of technologies conducted for Honda’s advanced 
humanoid robot, ASIMO, made these developments possible. 


THE HISTORY OF ASIMO :THE PAST
In 1986, Honda engineers set out to create a walking robot. Early models (E1, E2, E3) focused on developing legs that could simulate the walk of a human. The next series of models (E4, E5, E6) were focused on walk stabilization and stair climbing. Next, a head, body and arms were added to the robot to improve balance and add functionality. Honda’s first humanoid robot, P1 was rather rugged at 6’ 2” tall, and 386 lbs. P2 improved with a more friendly design, improved walking, stair climbing/descending, and wireless automatic movements. The P3 model was even more compact, standing 5’ 2” tall and weighing 287 lbs.


THE PRESENT
ASIMO is the culmination of two decades of humanoid robotics research by Honda engineers. ASIMO can run, walk on uneven slopes and surfaces, turn smoothly, climb stairs, and reach for and grasp objects. ASIMO can also comprehend and respond to simple voice commands. ASIMO has the ability to recognize the face of a select group of individuals. Using its camera eyes, ASIMO can map its environment and register stationary objects. ASIMO can also avoid moving obstacles as it moves through its environment.

THE FUTURE
As development continues on ASIMO, today Honda demonstrates ASIMO around the world to encourage and inspire young students to study the sciences. And in the future, ASIMO may serve as another set of eyes, ears, hands and legs for all kinds of people in need. Someday ASIMO might help with important tasks like assisting the elderly or a person confined to a bed or a wheelchair. ASIMO might also perform certain tasks that are dangerous to humans, such as fighting fires or cleaning up toxic spills.





ASIMO has found a new home …the happiest place on earth!
ASIMO, the world's most advanced humanoid robot, stars in its very own high-tech stage show in the Honda ASIMO Theater in Innoventions, located inside Disneyland® Resort's Tomorrowland.
Science comes to life in Say 'Hello' to Honda's ASIMO, a 15-minute live show featuring the revolutionary humanoid that has captivated audiences across the globe. The newest attraction in Innoventions, this engaging and educational presentation paints a picture of how humans will someday benefit from a robot assistant like ASIMO.
As guests enter the Honda ASIMO Theater they are introduced to Honda's robotics program and learn how the power of dreams and the determination of Honda engineers led to the development of a humanoid robot capable of the remarkable feat of walking like a real person.
Inside the theater, guests are invited into the home of the McGuires as they meet the newest member of their family, ASIMO, and discover the endless possibilities of having a humanoid robot in their home. Excitement fills the theater as guests witness ASIMO maneuver through a home environment using its amazing mobility capabilities such as walking forward and backward, climbing and descending a flight of stairs and even dancing!
Offering a glimpse into a household complete with a humanoid robot helper, Say 'Hello' to Honda's ASIMO inspires guests to dream of the infinite potential for robots to help people in the future.
Your family can meet ASIMO and the McGuires in the Honda ASIMO Theater inside Innoventions at the Disneyland® Resort in Anaheim, California.

Why Create a Humanoid Robot?The dream sounds simple. Design a robot that can duplicate the complexities of human motion and genuinely help people. An easy task? Not at all. 

ASIMO took more than two decades of persistent study, research, and trial and error before Honda engineers achieved their dream of creating an advanced humanoid robot.

Read more here


In building drones that kill people, the US has a couple-decade head start on China. But when it comes to domestic uses, US businesses are hamstrung because the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) isn’t required to issue commercial drone rules until 2015. In the meantime, one of China’s biggest delivery companies is tinkering with using drones—with Chinese government permission.
1

SF Express is testing a drone it has built for delivering packages to remote areas, according to Chinese media reports. The drone can hit an maximum altitude of 100 meters (328 feet) and deliver parcels within two meters of its target. It’s not clear what sort of weight these puppies can handle, but Beijing journalists calculated that it probably can’t carry more than 3 kilograms (6.6 pounds).

Chinese Train that Never Stops 2014

Sunday, 1 December 2013
Posted by Unknown



Stopping and accelerating again at each station will waste both energy and time. But in this brilliant new Chinese train innovation No time is wasted- get on & off the bullet train without the train stopping. The bullet train is moving all the time.

A mere 5 min stop per station (elderly passengers cannot be hurried) will result in a total loss of 5 min x 30 stations or 2.5 hours of train journey time!

How it works (view the movie):
1. To board the train : The passengers at a station embarks onto to a connector cabin way before the train even arrives at the station. When the train arrives, it will not stop at all. It just slows down to pick up the connector cabin which will move with the train on the roof of the train.



While the train is still moving away from the station, those passengers will board the train from the connector cabin mounted on the train’s roof. After fully unloading all its passengers, the cabin connector cabin will be moved to the back of the train so that the next batch of outgoing passengers who want to alight at the next station will board the connector cabin at the rear of the train roof.

2. To get off the train: As stated after fully unloading all its passengers, the cabin connector cabin will be moved to the back of the train so that the next batch of outgoing passengers who want to alight at the next station will board the connector cabin at the rear of the train roof. When the train arrives at the next station, it will simply drop the whole connector cabin at the station itself and leave it behind at the station. The outgoing passengers can take their own time to disembark at the station while the train had already left. At the same time, the train will pick up the incoming embarking passengers on another connector cabin in the front part of the train’s roof. So the train will always drop one connector cabin at the rear of its roof and pick up a new connector cabin in the front part of the train’s roof at each station.
Source: RealityPod

Categories: Robotics, Technology
- Surce:awescience

Touch Board: Interactivity Everywhere

Sunday, 24 November 2013
Posted by Unknown




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Robotics

While the nounrobotics is commonplace today, it wasn't back in the 1941 when sci-fi writer Isaac Asimov coined the term in a short story published inAstounding Science Fiction. It took another 20 years before the term really took off, and by the 1980s, robotics had firmly planted itself in the English language. The term robot entered English in 1923 from a translation of Karel Capek's 1920 play calledRossum's Universal Robots. It came to English from Czech term robotnik meaning "slave."
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What is mechatronics engineering?

Mechatronics engineering combines mechanical engineering, computing and electronics to create functional, smart products.

Every day you come into contact with products of mechatronics engineering. They include cars, Blu-ray and DVD players, microwave ovens, dishwashers and washing machines.

The processes and production lines used to make these and many other products are also mechatronic in nature.



What do mechatronics engineers do?

Mechatronics engineers design new products or improve existing devices by adding mechatronic elements. They also design, construct and run factory production lines and processes.
Mechatronics engineers are responsible for devices such as:

  • Antiskid braking systems
  • Clothes dryers that adjust their operation based on the dampness of the clothes
  • Washing machines that can sense the amount of dirt in the washing load and vary water and electricity to suit
  • Chemical sensors in microwave ovens that can monitor the smell of food to ensure it is cooked perfectly.

Careers in mechatronics engineering

You will be equipped with the knowledge and skills to design, build and operate the intelligent products and systems of today and tomorrow.

The applications for mechatronics engineering are virtually unlimited and the need for professionals in this progressive field is increasing. You will be in high demand.

There are many research opportunities for mechatronics engineers in nanotechnology, robotics, by-wire technologies for motor vehicles, bioengineering and many other developing fields.

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